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    "original_url": "https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2026\/10\/01\/world\/europe\/uk-france-migrant-deal-cancelled.html?emc=edit_na_20261001&nl=breaking-news&segment_id=227348",
    "parsed_content": "AdvertisementSKIP ADVERTISEMENTSupported bySKIP ADVERTISEMENTBritain and France Give Up Landmark Migrant AgreementThe French government soured on a reciprocal deal that allowed the British authorities to return some migrants who crossed the English Channel illegally in small boats.Listen \u00b7 5:27 min Share full articleMigrants on a dinghy in the English Channel near the coast of northern France in September.Credit...Jean-Francois Badias\/Associated PressBy Mark Landler and S\u00e9gol\u00e8ne Le StradicReporting from ParisOct. 1, 2026Updated 8:06 a.m. ETSee more of our coverage in your search results.Encuentra m\u00e1s de nuestra cobertura en los resultados de b\u00fasqueda. Add The New York Times on GoogleAgrega The New York Times en Google France and Britain are abandoning a landmark migration deal that allowed the British to return migrants who crossed the English Channel illegally in exchange for those who applied to enter via official means.The deal, known as \u201cone in, one out,\u201d struck in the summer of 2025, was intended to deter dangerous illegal crossings of the channel, which have roiled politics in Britain and raised tensions between London and Paris. The original deal was struck for one year and was extended by a month, until Oct. 1, but will not be renewed.France pulled the plug despite entreaties from London to keep it in place, according to officials in both countries, in part because the French government wants Britain to strike a broader deportation deal with the 27 countries of the European Union.\u201cWhy do we have to manage this border on our own?\u201d the French interior minister, Laurent Nu\u00f1ez, said at a parliamentary hearing this year. \u201cWe believe that France should not have to bear the burden alone, and that it would be better to incorporate it into an agreement between the European Union and the United Kingdom.\u201dAdvertisementSKIP ADVERTISEMENTBritish officials acknowledged they would have liked the program to continue. A spokesman for the Home Office, which oversees deportations, said on Wednesday that the department would use \u201clessons learned from the pilot to accelerate efforts to return small boat migrants with no right to remain in the U.K.\u201dWant to stay updated on what\u2019s happening in France and the United Kingdom? Sign up for Your Places: Global Update, and we\u2019ll send our latest coverage to your inbox.Both sides hailed a sharp decline in clandestine asylum seekers reaching British shores, down 43 percent through August of this year compared with the same period in 2025. But experts said the reduction had little to do with the deal, attributing it to other factors, such as increased French policing of the beaches and weather.Expensive and bureaucratically cumbersome, the \u201cone in, one out\u201d program never reached a significant scale. About 1,400 people had been returned to France under the policy by September, according to the Home Office. That was a small fraction of the more than 41,000 people who arrived in Britain on small boats last year. Tens of thousands have been deported through other arrangements with other countries.The agreement was particularly divisive in France, where critics accused the government of going too far in allowing Britain to return illegal migrants.ImageTear gas fired by the police on a beach near Calais, northern France, in September.Credit...Hannah Mckay\/ReutersStill, the agreement had represented a diplomatic success, one that helped ease the raw feelings left by Britain\u2019s departure from the European Union. The accord was signed by President Emmanuel Macron of France and Keir Starmer, then the British prime minister, during a state visit by Mr. Macron to London in 2025. The leaders also used that trip to celebrate France\u2019s loan of the Bayeux Tapestry to the British Museum.AdvertisementSKIP ADVERTISEMENTMr. Nu\u00f1ez, in his parliamentary testimony, said that cutting the numbers was never the only point of the agreement. \u201cRather,\u201d he said, \u201cit aims to serve as a deterrent by introducing an element of uncertainty: successfully making the crossing does not guarantee the right to settle in the United Kingdom.\u201dHe cited information from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, which he said showed that the deal had prompted a number of migrants to abandon their plans to make the journey.Humanitarian workers cast doubt on the deal\u2019s effectiveness. They said little or no information about the arrangement had been circulated in informal camps in the north of France, where larger numbers of migrants wait for a window to cross the channel.There were also allegations of human rights violations related to how migrants were selected and treated during the process.AdvertisementSKIP ADVERTISEMENT\u201cWe are concerned about the lack of clarity in selecting individuals to be returned to France and, relatedly, the risk of arbitrariness and discrimination,\u201d seven United Nations special rapporteurs and an independent expert on human rights wrote in a letter in December 2025. They warned of \u201ca greater risk of systemic unfairness\u201d and even \u201carbitrary detention.\u201dFor those applying for legal entry, the procedure was taxing: Asylum seekers had to keep their cellphones with them at all times so the British government could locate them, and be able to pick up a call from the British authorities at any time for a three-month period.\u201cThis is truly an extremely dishonest agreement,\u201d said Diane L\u00e9on, a coordinator in northern France for M\u00e9decins du Monde, a French advocacy group. \u201cIf this agreement had truly been fair, outreach efforts would have been put in place to allow people to actually apply through this agreement.\u201dEzeldin Adam An-Noor, a 25-year-old who said he had fled the war in Darfur, was among those returned to France under the program. He recalled being pulled from a group of 60 migrants who landed near Dover, southeastern England. He was sent to a removal center, where he said the conditions were grim, and sent back to France. He said he now lives in limbo on the street.\u201cI\u2019m not a criminal,\u201d Mr. An-Noor said in an interview, \u201cI\u2019m an asylum seeker.\u201dBritain has denied claims of mistreatment and said the authorities are committed to migrants\u2019 welfare.Michael D. Shear contributed reporting from London, and Bushra Alzoubi from Paris.AdvertisementSKIP ADVERTISEMENT",
    "published_at": "2026-10-01T10:20:28+00:00",
    "author_name": "Mark Landler, S\u00e9gol\u00e8ne Le Stradic",
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    "ai_headline": "Britain and France Give Up Landmark Migrant Agreement",
    "ai_simplified_title": "France and UK Cancel Migrant Deal After One Year",
    "ai_excerpt": "France and Britain have abandoned a landmark migration deal, \"one in, one out,\" which allowed the UK to return illegal Channel migrants. The French government pulled out, seeking a broader EU-UK deportation agreement, despite a reported decline in crossings.",
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