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View and explore all extracted claims from processed sources.

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Extracted Claims (29746)

Reporters’ perceptions are not the same thing as direct evidence of corruption itself. 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Corruption , Survey

Simplified: Reporters' perceptions are not direct evidence of corruption

1 sources

22 hours ago
They might be affected by how cynical reporters are towards politics and leading personalities. 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Corruption , Survey

Simplified: Perceptions might be affected by reporters' cynicism

1 sources

22 hours ago
We then calculated the state scores as the median of these individual scores, which are presented in the tables and maps below (darker color indicates higher corruption). 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Corruption , Survey

Simplified: State scores were calculated as median of individual scores

1 sources

22 hours ago
The score of 5 meant that the reporter responding to the survey perceived corruption to be “extremely common.” 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Corruption , Survey

Simplified: Score of 5 meant corruption was perceived as extremely common

1 sources

22 hours ago
For each reporter responding to the survey, we assigned a score of 1 if he/she chose “not at all common,” 2 if he/she chose “slightly common,” and so on. 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Corruption , Survey

Simplified: Scores were assigned based on reporter responses

1 sources

22 hours ago
The response scale ranged from “not at all common” to “extremely common.” 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Corruption , Survey

Simplified: Response scale ranged from not at all common to extremely common

1 sources

22 hours ago
We asked reporters how common were these two forms of corruption in the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the government in 2017 in the state they cover in their reporting. 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Corruption , Survey

Simplified: Reporters were asked about corruption in government branches in 2017

1 sources

22 hours ago
We define legal corruption as the political gains in the form of campaign contributions or endorsements by a government official, in exchange for providing specific benefits to private individuals or... 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Corruption

Simplified: Legal corruption is defined as political gains by a government official for providing benefits

1 sources

22 hours ago
It is the form of corruption that attracts a great deal of public attention. 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Corruption

Simplified: Illegal corruption attracts public attention

1 sources

22 hours ago
In our survey, we define illegal corruption as the private gains in the form of cash or gifts by a government official, in exchange for providing specific benefits to private individuals or groups. 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Corruption

Simplified: Illegal corruption is defined as private gains by a government official for providing benefits

1 sources

22 hours ago
We received no responses from North Dakota. 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Journalism , Survey

Simplified: Authors received no responses from North Dakota

1 sources

22 hours ago
Hence, while interpreting the results from these states we should be cautious. 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Journalism , Survey

Simplified: Be cautious interpreting results from states with few responses

1 sources

22 hours ago
We received a total of 240 responses. 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Journalism , Survey

Simplified: Authors received 240 responses

1 sources

22 hours ago
Unfortunately, in some states (Delaware, Hawaii, Iowa, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, and New Hampshire) we have a small number of responses partly due to small number of reporters covering state politics... 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Journalism , Survey

Simplified: Some states had small number of responses due to few reporters

1 sources

22 hours ago
We contacted close to 1,000 reporters via email/phone. 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Journalism

Simplified: Authors contacted close to 1000 reporters

1 sources

22 hours ago
In the second half of 2018, we conducted the fifth wave of the Corruption in America Survey. 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Corruption , Survey

Simplified: Fifth wave of Corruption in America Survey was conducted in second half of 2018

1 sources

22 hours ago
Starting from this year the survey will be hosted by the newly founded Institute for Corruption Studies which is an independent research institute within the Department of Economics at the Illinois St... 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Corruption , Survey

Simplified: Institute for Corruption Studies will host the survey starting this year

1 sources

22 hours ago
The first two waves of the Corruption in America Survey were hosted by Harvard Law School’s Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics. 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Corruption , Survey

Simplified: Harvard Law School hosted first two waves of Corruption in America Survey

1 sources

22 hours ago
In 2014, we started surveying news reporters covering state politics in addition to the investigative reporters covering issues related to corruption to construct perception-based indices measuring tw... 1.000

👤 Oguzhan Dincer and Michael Johnston 📋 Research Paper 🏷️ Politics , Corruption , Survey

Simplified: Surveying of reporters started in 2014 to measure corruption in American states

1 sources

22 hours ago
Louisiana comes second on the list of per capita convictions with 2.62 per 10,000 inhabitants while Chicago's high number of offenses ensure Illinois comes third with 1.66. 0.950

👤 The author 📋 News Article 🏷️ Government , Corruption , Legal , Geographical

Simplified: Louisiana second on list of per capita convictions with 2.62 per 10000 inhabitants Illinois third with 1.66

1 sources

22 hours ago